
Англійська мова в Україні
Вопросительные предложения в косвенной речи называются косвенными вопросами (Indirect Questions).
В вопросительных предложениях действуют те же правила согласования времен, что и в утвердительных.
Существует два типа образования косвенных вопросов, в зависимости от типа вопроса в прямой речи.
Это вопросы, на которые требуется ответ yes/no (да/нет).
В этом случае косвенные вопросы образуются с помощью if или whether, которые в данном случае переводятся как «ли».
Прямая речь. He asked, “Have you met my sister?” — Он спросил: «Вы знакомы с моей сестрой?»
Косвенная речь. He asked if I had met his sister. — Он спросил, знаком ли я с его сестрой.
Прямая речь. He asked, “May I come in?” — Он спросил: «Можно войти?»
Косвенная речь. He asked whether he might come in. — Он спросил, можно ли войти.
Обратите внимание, что порядок слов в косвенных вопросах — как в утвердительных предложениях.
Примечание. Глаголы do, does, did при образовании косвенных вопросов не используются.
Прямая речь. He asked me, “Do you speak English?” Косвенная речь. He asked if I spoke English.
Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
Present Indefinite He asked, “Do you want to dance?” |
Past Indefinite He asked if I wanted to dance. |
Present Continuous He asked, “Are you going to the shop?” |
Past Continuous He asked if I was going to the shop. |
Past Indefinite He asked, “Did you watch the latest film?” |
Past Perfect He asked if I had watched the latest film. |
Present Perfect He asked, “Has John arrived?” |
Past Perfect He asked if John had arrived. |
Past Continuous He asked, “Were you going to the gym?” |
Perfect Continuous He asked if I had been going to the gym. |
Present Perfect Continuous He asked, “Have you been going to the gym?” |
Past Perfect Continuous He asked if I had been going to the gym. |
Future Indefinite He said, “I will go to school.” |
Future in the Past He said (that) he would go to school.” |
Can He asked, “Can I help you?” |
Could He asked if he could help me. |
Will He asked, “Will you have lunch with me?” |
Would He asked if I would have lunch with me. |
Must He asked, “Must I do the shopping?” |
Had to He asked if he had to do the shopping. |
Это вопросы, в которых используются вопросительные слова: who (кто), when (когда), where (где), why (почему), which (который) и т.д.
В этом случае косвенные вопросы образуются с помощью соответствующих вопросительных слов.
Прямая речь. He asked me, “Where do you work?” — Он спросил меня: «Где вы работаете?» Косвенная речь. He asked me where I worked. — Он спросил меня, где я работаю.
Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
Present Indefinite He asked, “How are you?” |
Past Indefinite He asked how I was. |
Present Continuous He asked, “Where are you going?” |
Past Continuous He asked where I was going. |
Past Indefinite He asked, “Whom did you call?” |
Past Perfect He asked whom I had called. |
Present Perfect He asked, “Where have you been?” |
Past Perfect He asked where I had been. |
Past Continuous He asked, “What were you doing?” |
Perfect Continuous He asked what I had been doing. |
Present Perfect Continuous He asked, “What have you been doing?” |
Past Perfect Continuous He asked what I had been doing. |